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Zhongyi Sun Xiufeng Wang Haruhiko Yamamoto Jiquan Zhang Hiroshi Tani Guosheng Zhong Shuai Yin 《Paddy and Water Environment》2017,15(1):181-191
Rice is the second largest staple crop in the world and therefore plays an important role in food security. As a thermophilic crop, rice is sensitive to temperature changes. Thus, research on the chilling damage of rice is essential. The Sanjiang Plain is an emerging rice production area and is located at high latitudes in China, the world’s largest rice-producing country. Landsat data were used to extract rice-planting area from 1985 to 2015. MODIS 13Q1, which was uniformly distributed during the growing period of rice, was used to obtain NDVI values of paddies during 2002–2015. Dynamic Identification Index of sterile-type chilling damage and monitoring standard of delayed-type chilling damage were the proposed methods used in this paper, which were used to judge the chilling damage of rice. The results show that in the study region, the rice-planting area in 2015 is nearly 12 times larger than that in 1985. Delayed-type chilling damage occurred in 2002 and 2009, while sterile-type chilling damage occurred in 2005, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2014, and 2015. Comparing with the prevalent meteorological standards, the results indicate that the index and standards proposed in this paper are precise, applicable, and more sensitive than them. The method is a macroscopic and accurate method to identify chilling damage in rice and can also provide a scientific basis to ensuring the stability of rice yield. 相似文献
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在广东海洋大学东海岛海洋生物研究基地,模拟研究了杂色鲍(Hallotis diversicolor Reeve)与灰叶马尾藻(Sargassum cinereum)、细基江蓠繁枝变种(Gracilaria tenuistipitata var.Liui)生态混合养殖效果,分析了2种海藻对养殖水体中氮盐、磷盐的控制作用以及杂色鲍、2种海藻的生长状况。结果表明:鲍鱼与这两种大型海藻混合养殖,可明显提高鲍鱼的成活率,降低养殖水体中氮、磷盐含量,从而改善鲍鱼养殖环境。单种养殖的鲍鱼病死率是混养病死率的1.92倍。低密度混合养殖时,鲍鱼生长率较高。鲍鱼混合养殖水体中的氮盐、磷盐含量均明显低于单种养殖的,细基江蓠繁枝变种比灰叶马尾藻具有更强的吸收氮盐与磷盐能力。 相似文献
75.
指出了低碳城市建设是发展低碳经济的重要载体,是建设生态文明的必由之路,中国建设低碳城市是应对全球气候变化,适应全球经济发展趋势,转变城市发展方式,树立积极的国际形象的必然选择,而系统地探寻适宜中国低碳城市建设对策是当前的重中之重。系统图法有助于掌握低碳城市建设问题的全貌,明确问题的重点,系统地找到低碳城市建设的对策。基于系统图法原理分析了低碳城市建设对策问题,确定了4个二级目标,8个三级目标,16个最终对策。 相似文献
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A 10‐week feeding experiment was conducted to determine the optimum dietary protein requirement of juvenile obscure puffer (Takifugu obscurus). Six isoenergetic (20 MJ kg?1 gross energy) diets were formulated to contain graded levels of 34%, 38%, 42%, 46%, 50% or 54% crude protein (as dry matter basis). The results showed final body weight, weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) increased significantly with increasing protein levels up to 42% and then decreased thereafer. Second‐order polynomial regression analysis (y = ?0.0024x2 + 0.1788x ? 1.3196, R2 = 0.9032) indicated a maximum SGR at protein level of 37%. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreased with increasing levels of dietary protein up to 42% and increased thereafter. Second‐order polynomial regression analysis (y = 0.0054x2 ? 0.4351x + 10.391, R2 = 0.753) indicated a minimum FCR at protein level of 40%. Protein efficiency ratio (PER) of fish fed the 34%, 38% and 42% diets was significantly higher than that of fish fed the 46%, 50% and 54% diets, and broken‐line analysis indicated PER tended to decrease when dietary protein level was higher than 40%. Generally, whole body lipid content, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and triacylglycerol decreased with increasing levels of dietary protein. Fish fed the 42% protein diet showed the highest essential amino acids (histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine and threonine) and non‐essential amino acids (aspartic acid and glutamic acid) in muscle. Based on the second‐degree polynomial regression analysis of SGR and FCR and broken‐line analysis of PER, the optimal dietary protein level of obscure puffer is estimated to be between 37% and 40% (% as dry matter basis). 相似文献
79.
Indoor and outdoor experiments were carried out simultaneously to evaluate the effects of dietary phosphorus levels on growth performance and body composition of crucian carp. Monocalcium was used to formulate extruded feed containing available phosphorus (AP) of 1.5 (D1), 4.7 (D2), 6.3 (D3) and 9.0 (D4) g kg?1. Twelve 500‐L recirculating tanks were assigned to four triplicate groups with each tank stocked with 15 juveniles (39.88 ± 0.14 g) for indoor experiment. Twelve polyethylene enclosures were assigned to four groups with each one stocked with 120 juveniles (44.08 ± 1.36 g). After 8 weeks of feeding, survival ranged from 96% to 100%. Weight gain, special growth rate, protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion rate did not show significant differences among dietary treatments in both experiments. Fish cultured in the enclosures grew better, although D1 and D2 treatments did not reach significant level. Crude protein and phosphorus content of the fish were not significantly affected by dietary phosphorus level. Moisture, crude lipid, crude ash and vertebrae phosphorus were significantly affected by different phosphorus levels. Based on vertebrae phosphorus, crucian carp cultured in the tanks and in the enclosures showed phosphorus deficiency under 4.7 g kg?1 and 6.3 g kg?1 AP, respectively. 相似文献
80.
4个国外接骨木属种质资源引种与生物学特性研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
为探讨4个接骨木品种在河南省郑州地区的引种表现及适应性,2015—2019年定期观测引种的‘金叶’、‘金羽’、‘花叶’、‘紫云’4个国外接骨木品种,采用层次分析法进行性状评价。研究结果表明,露地栽培中,引种的4个接骨木品种均可在郑州地区正常生长、开花、结果。4个接骨木品种均生长健壮,枝繁叶茂,花期较长,较耐低温。以观赏性、适应性、生长特性权重分配分别为0.4、0.3、0.3进行综合分析评价,综合分值表现为‘金叶’接骨木>‘花叶’接骨木>‘金羽’接骨木>‘紫云’接骨木。由此可见,4种接骨木均具有较高的观赏价值和适应性,可广泛用于郑州地区城市园林绿化和美化。 相似文献